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Authors:
Gallia Butnaru ¹; Ioan Sarac ²

Affiliations:
1) Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Regele Mihai I al României from Timişoara, România; Department of Genetics; 2) Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Regele Mihai I al României from Timişoara, România

Keywords:
b. population variation; b. population variation

19 Drosophila Romanian ecotypes were notice compared with 3 standard genotypes. The ecotypes were collected from geographically differentiated areas and anthropogenic polluted. The aim was to establish the relationship between the ecotypes evolved in the western, central and eastern areas of România. The multivariate analysis of variance revealed the significant differences between individuals [male/female] and among ecotypes. The male body average size represented 82.71% (2.92±0.05mm) compared to the female average size (3.53±0.06 mm). The variability of body size varied from 2.93 to 4.60mm on female and 2.43 to 3.83mm on males. Among female the difference of size averages was larger than among males (d_F=1.67mm>d_M=1.4mm). Even in this circumstance the male size varied from 80.2% to 84.0% at the same size of females. The results indicated that only 36.4% and 45.6% female and male, respectively, revealed a larger body size than the overall average size. It was found at 81.8% of ecotypes the influence of environment was small and insignificant. The multivariate analysis of variance regarding the participation of females and males at the general body size average of the ecotypes pointed out the population significant involvement of Black Plopşoru and Urdari (A and B) from Gorj County and Ebony, Timişoara-N, Şag (C) from Timiş County (LSD5% = 0.31 mm).
It was concluded that knowledge of quantitative traits, in our case the body size, is directly associated with adaptability to extreme conditions such as anthropogenic pollution and limited motility.
Even if the fruit fly populations are not real isolated it has been identified inter-populations and intra-population phenotypic polymorphism. The presence different forms of Drosophila in the same niche Plopsoru village [Black Plopşoru (big and normal) and Grey Plopşoru] and in Roşia Montana [(Big and normal)] pointed out their commune origin separated due to disruptive selection. Only at Black Plopşoru the reproductive barrier was prove. This analysis demonstrated that temperature conditions, both within and between generations, influence territorial success of flies [Zamudio et al. 1995].